Thailand's Disease Control Department reports a sharp increase in Leptospirosis and Melioidosis cases, totaling 6,000 infections and 119 deaths in the first nine months, particularly during the rainy season and floods.
Leptospirosis is contracted from carrier animals and contaminated water through wounds, while Melioidosis is acquired from soil and water via direct contact, contaminated food/water, or inhaling dust.
Farmers are disproportionately affected by both diseases, and children are also at high risk from prolonged exposure to floodwaters.
Symptoms include high fever, headache, and muscle pain; prompt medical consultation is crucial to prevent severe complications and fatalities.
Prevention measures involve avoiding prolonged contact with floodwaters, maintaining personal hygiene, consuming clean food and water, and keeping living areas sanitary.
Thailand's Education Ministry is implementing a four-pronged strategy to address its students' below-average performance in PISA 2025 and tackle significant educational inequality.
The plan prioritizes closing performance gaps by increasing funding for small and low-income schools, overhauling the curriculum to foster critical thinking, and adopting a data-driven management system to reduce teacher workload.
Key initiatives include enhancing school safety, combating cyberbullying, and expanding mental health support through peer-to-peer networks, recognizing the severe impact of distress on academic performance.
An education expert advises verifying if PISA improvements stem from structural changes, advocating for a revived STEM curriculum with practical 'learn by doing' methods, and urging bureaucratic reform to link teacher evaluations to student development.